Synth Build: VCF

This time I decided to make a combination module to save space on the panel. This VCF (Voltage-Controlled Filter) design is supposed to take up a whole panel. However, I knew that the harmonizer was a relatively simple circuit and it would not take up that much room. The size of the heap of parts

Synth Build: LFO

This LFO (Low-Frequency Oscillator) is a voltage-controlled type. This makes it very similar to a VCO except that it operates at a much lower frequency. A VCO might operate at frequencies spanning from ~0.1 Hz to ~20 kHz. This LFO operates from well below 1Hz to about 600Hz. In fact, at its lowest frequency setting,

Synth Build: A VCO Module

This prototype will consist of a complete (or near enough) build of a single module for the synth. The purpose is mainly to to test construction techniques that will be used on the rest of the modules. Wire wrap construction is used for about 85% of this build. The idea is that everything would be

Comparators

A comparator is a device that compares two voltages and determines which one is higher. This can be used for indicating if a varying voltage exceeds a certain level with respect to a fixed reference voltage. Comparators are mostly but not always comprised of op-amps. The reason is the very high open loop gain (gain

CD4052 Audio Signal Switch

Sometimes you need the ability to switch between various audio sources. Usually when talking about HiFi, this switch must be stereo or it is not very useful. Ideally the switch must be able to switch line level signals, have reasonably low distortion, not have any noticeable crosstalk, and not attenuate any high frequencies in the